اردو

ا (alif) · ب (be) · پ (pe) · ت (te) · ٹ (ṭe) · ث (se) · ج (jīm) · چ (che) · ح (ḥe) · خ (khe) · د (dāl) · ڈ (ḍāl) · ذ (zāl) · ر (re) · ڑ (ṛe) · ز (ze) · ژ (zhe) · س (sīn) · ش (shīn) · ص (suād) · ض (zuād) · ط (toʼe) · ظ (zoʼe) · ع (ain) · غ (ghain) · ف (fe) · ق (qāf) · ک (kāf) · گ (gāf) · ل (lām) · م (mīm) · ن (nūn) · ں (nūn-ġhunna) · و (wāo) · ہ (he) · ھ (do-chashmī-he) · ء (hamza) · ی (ye) · ے (baṛī-ye) Urdu is written from right to left; short vowel marks are usually omitted in everyday text. Zabar َ marks a short a, zer ِ a short i, and pesh ُ a short u: بَس (bas, bus), دِل (dil, heart), گُل (gul, flower). ا، و، ی often represent long vowels: آم (ām, mango), دودھ (dūdh, milk), تیر (tīr, arrow); و and ی can also be consonants. ٹ، ڈ، ڑ are retroflex sounds made with the tongue curled back: ٹوپی (ṭopī, cap), ڈبہ (ḍabbā, box), بڑا (baṛā, big). ھ combines with a consonant to show aspiration: پھول (phūl, flower); ں nasalizes a vowel, as in ماں (mā̃, mother).